This glossary of poultry-related terms is not complete and is being updated regularly. If you have something to add, please leave a comment below.
A
Abdomen – area between the keel and the pubic (hip) bones. Likurang bahagi ng ilalim ng manok sa pagitan ng mga paa at puwet.
Air cell – the air space between the two shell membranes, usually at the large end of the egg. Parte ng itlog na walang laman.
Albumen – the white of the egg. Puting bahagi ng itlog.
Alektorophobia – the fear of chickens. Ang tawag sa takot sa manok o may Phobia sa manok.
Anatomy – the structure systems of an animal (skeletal, muscular, digestive, etc.) Kabuuan ng mga parte ng katawan ng manok.
APA – American Poultry Association
Avian – pertaining to birds. Ang tawag sa lahat ng uri ng ibon kung saan kabilang ang manok, pabo, pato, gansa, atbp.
Aviary – a large enclosure for holding birds in confinement. Ang tawag sa malaking bahay ng manok.
Aviculture – the science of birds. Siyensya sa pag-aaral tungkol sa ibon.
Axial feather – the short wing feather located between the primary and secondary flight feathers. Maiksing balahibo sa pakpak na alangan sa grupo ng mahahabang balahibo at alangan din sa grupo ng maiiksing balahibo.
B
BA – Black Australorp
BAI – Bureau of Animal Industry
Banding – putting a tag or band with identification on it to the wing or leg of a bird. Ang paglalagay ng palatandaan sa paa o sa pakpak gamit ang leg band o wing band.
Bantam – a chicken breed that is one third to one half the size of a standard breed. Maiksi at pandak na lahi ng manok.
Banti – a non-technical term sometimes used to mean ‘bantam’. Isang tawag sa bantam.
Beak – the hard protruding mouth part of a bird consisting of an uper and a lower par. Tuka ng manok.
Beard – the feathers bunched together under the beak of some breeds of chickens; coarse hairs protruding from the breast of turkeys. Balbon
Bedding – material scattered on the floor of a poultry house to absorb moisture and manure (also called litter). Materyales na nilalagay sa sahig ng bahay ng manok para i-absorb ang dumi kagaya ng ipa o kusot.
Biddy – a non-technical term for a laying hen that is over one year of age. Nangingitlog na manok na lampas isang taon ang edad.
Bill – the ‘beak’ of waterfowl. Tuka ng manok
Billing out – the act of chickens using their beaks to scoop feed out of a feeder and onto the floor
Booted – having feathers on the shanks (legs) and toes. Ang tawag sa manok na may balahibo sa paa kagaya ng Brahma, Beijing You, atbp. Sa madaling salita, may bota.
BPR – Barred Plymouth Rock
Breed – a group of chickens having a distinctive body shape and the same general features; aslo a term used when group male and female birds for mating. Lahi
Broiler – a meat-type chicken. Pinalaki para katayin.
Brood – to care for a batch of chicks. Inahin na nag-aalaga ng sisiw.
Brooder – a device used to provide warmth to young chicks. Lagayan ng sisiw matapos mapisa at may ilaw.
Broody – a hen that is sitting on eggs with the intent of hatching them. Inahin na mahilig maglimlim.
Buff – orange-yellow color in feathers that is not shiny or brassy. Kulay ng manok na mala orange-yellow.
C
Candle – to examine the contents of an intact egg with the use of a light. Ang pagchecheck gamit ang ilaw kung may similya ang itlog.
Candler – light used to examine the contents of an egg without breaking it open. Ilaw na ginagamit sa pagsusuri kung may similya ang itlog.
Candling – using a candler to check the contents of an egg. Ang paraan sa pagsusuri kung may similya ang itlog.
Cannibalism – when poultry eat the flesh of fellow flockmates. Ang pagtutuka ng manok sa kanyang kapwa.
Cape – narrow feathers between a chicken’s neck and back. Balahibo sa likurang bahagi ng leeg ng manok.
Capon – a castrated male chicken (requires surgery since the reproductive organs are internal. Kapon
Carrier – an apparently healthy bird that can transmit a disease to others; also refers to a container to transport birds. Ang manok na naghahawa ng sakit.
Chick – young (baby) chicken. Sisiw.
Cluck – sound a hen makes after laying an egg. Putak ng manok
Cock – adult male chicken (also referred to as a rooster) or an adult male pigeon. Tandang
Cockerel – immature male chicken. Batang tandang
Coccidiosis – a parasitic infection (coccidia) in the intestinal tract of poultry. Isang uri ng sakit sa tiyan ng manok.
Comb – the fleshy red outgrowth on the top of a chicken’s head. Palong ng manok
Contagious – disease that is easily passed from one bird to another. Nakakahawa.
Coop – the house or cage in which poultry are housed. Bahay ng manok.
Crest – ball of feathers on the heads of some breeds of chickens and geese. Balahibo sa ulo ng manok o korona kagaya ng makikita sa Chinese Silkie
Crossbred – the offspring of parents from different varieties or breeds. Anak ng magkaibang lahi ang magulang.
Crumbles – a poultry feed that has been pelleted and then the pellets broke up. Krambol o grower feed
Cull – to remove a bird from the flock because of productivity, age, health or personality issues. Ang pagreretiro sa paitluging manok.
D
Depopulate – to destroy an entire flock. Sirain o ubusin lahat ng manok.
Disinfect – kill bacteria through chemical means. Pagpatay sa mga bakterya gamit ang kemikal.
Dressed – cleaned in preparation for eating (feathers and guts removed). Kinatay na manok.
Droppings – another term for chicken manure. Dumi o tae ng manok.
Dub – to surgically remove a bird’s comb and wattles close to the head. Pag alis ng palong at lambi o pagpungos at pagtangal.
Dust bath – the habit of chickens to splash around in soft soil to clean their feathers and discourage external parasites. Ang pagpapaligo ng manok sa alikabok.
E
Ear lobes – the flesh patch of bare skin located below the ears of birds. Malaking bahagi ng tainga na nakalawit.
Embryo – the developing cihick in an egg. Nadedevelop na similya sa loob ng itlog.
Esophagus – the portion of the digestive tract that moves from the mouth to the stomach. lalamunan
F
Feather-legged – a description of those breeds of chickens with feathers growing down their shanks. Isang tawag sa booted o mga manok na may balahibo sa paa.
Fecal/Feces – droppings/manure. Dumi ng manok
Feral – wild, untamed. Ligaw/gala o hindi inaalagaaan.
Fertile – an egg that is fertilized and thus capable of having a chick develop (under the right environmental conditions). Itlog na may similya
Flock – a group of birds living together. Grupo ng ibon
Forage – to scratch the ground in search of food; also refers to the crops in a pasture. Ang paghahanap ng pagkain ng manok sa damuhan.
Fowl – domesticated birds raised for food or another similar purpose; also refers to a hen at the end of its productive life (a stewing hen). Lahat ng uri ng ibon na inaalagaan ng tao.
Free-range – a term that does not have a legal definition but is typically used to refer to providing a flock with outdoor access. Alagang manok na pakawala at hindi nakakulong.
H
Hackles – feathers over the back of a chicken which are pointed in males and rounded in females. Balahibo sa likod ng manok.
Hatch – the process by which the chick comes out of the egg. Pagkapisa ng itlog para maging sisiw.
Hatchery – a place where eggs are incubated and chicks hatched. Papisaan ng itlog.
Hen – adult female poultry including chicken, turkey, duck, pigeon, pheasant, etc. Inahin
Host – an animal that has a parasite or an infectious agent living on or in it. Manok na nagtataglay ng sakit o virus sa katawan.
Hybrid – offspring of parents from different breeds (also called crossbred); the artificial crossing of two different species. Isang tawag sa crossbreed o mayroong magulang na magkaiba ang lahi.
I
Immunity – disease resistance (active immunity develops when an individual has had the disease or been vaccinated; passive immunity is passed from mother to chick through the egg). Tibay ng immune system ng manok para labanan ang mga sakit o virus
Inbred – offspring of closely related parents. Magkapatid ang magulang.
Incubate – to apply the required conditions (heat and humidity) to eggs to allow embryos to develop and chicks to hatch out. Pagpapisa ng itlog gamit ang incubator. O paglimlim ng manok.
Incubator – a piece of equipment especially designed to incubate eggs. Artipisyal na gamit para papisain ang itlog at maging sisiw.
Infertile – an egg that is not fertilized and therefore will not hatch. Walang similyang itlog.
Ingest – to eat. Kainin o lunukin.
Intraocular – in the eye. Padaananin sa mata.
Intranasal – in the nose. Padaanin sa ilong.
Intravenous – injection into a vein. Pag-iinject sa katawan.
K
Keel – the breast bone of birds. Buto sa dibdib ng ibon.
L
Lacing – border of contrast color around the entire web of a feather. Kakaibang kulay ng balahibo kadalasan sa dulo.
Litter – material scattered on the floor of a poultry house to absorb moisture and manure (also called bedding). Ipa o kusot na ginagamit bilang bedding sa sahig.
Lopped comb – a comb that falls to one side. Palong na pumapaling or nababali.
M
Mite – a type of external parasite. Hanip, o dapaw (Ilonggo)
Molt (Moult) – a part of the hen’s reproductive cycle when she stops laying and loses her body feathers. Pag lugon o pag palit ng balahibo.
Mounting – when the rooster mates with a hen. Pag pumapatong ang tandang sa inahin para bumaba.
N
Nest egg – artificial egg placed in a nest to encourage hens to lay there. Pugad
P
Pasting – loose droppings sticking to the vent area. Pagdikit ng dumi sa puwitan ng manok.
Perch – a place where chickens can get off the floor (also called a roost). Hapunan ng manok.
Pigmentation – the color of a chicken’s beak, shanks and vent. Kulay ng tuka at paa.
Pipping – breaking through the shell prior to hatch. Ang pag-alpas ng sisiw mula sa itlog.
Pin feathers – a developing feather on a bird. Bagong balahibo matapos maglugon o magpalit.
Plumage – the total set of feathers covering a bird. Kabuuang balahibo ng manok.
Pullet – immature female bird (used with several species of birds, but most commonly with chickens). Batang manok na babae. Batang inahin.
Purebred – offspring from a hen and rooster of the same breed. Purong lahi at hindi hybrid o crossbreed.
R
RIR – Rhode Island Red
Roost – a place where chickens can get off the floor (also called a perch). Hapunan ng manok. Mataas na bagay o lugar na pwedeng hapunan ngmanok.
Rooster – adult male chicken (also referred to as a cock). Tandang na matanda.
S
Saddle – a part of a bird’s back just before the tail. Parte ng likuran ng manok malapit sa buntot.
Scales are small, hard, overlapping plates covering a chicken’s shanks and toes.Kaliskis
Scratch – the habit of chickens scraping their claws against the ground to dig up food items; also a term used for any whole grains fed to chickens. Pagkahig sa lupa.
Sexed chicks – day-old chicks separated into groups of male and female chicks. Paghihiwalay ng babae sa lalaking mga sisiw.
Shank – the part of a bird’s leg between the foot and the hock. Binti ng manok.
Sickles – long, curved tail feathers of some roosters. Mahabang buntot ng mga tandang na parang karit.
Splayed legs – the legs are positioned such that the bird cannot stand up (also called ‘spraddle legs’). Nakabukang paa ng manok at hindi makatayo.
Straight-run (chicks) – day-old chicks that have not been sorted by sex (also called unsexed). Sisiw na hindi pa naihiwalay ang babae sa lalaki.
Strain – a group of birds within a variety of a breed bred by one person or company for generations. Magkakapareho ng lahi.
T
Trio – a male with two females of the same species, breed and variety. Tatlong manok kadalasan isang tandang at dalawang inahin.
U
Unsexed – day-old chicks that have not been sorted by sex (also called straight-run). Sisiw na hindi pa naihiwalay ang babae sa lalaki
W
Wattles – the flap of skin under the chin of a chicken or turkey. Lambi or tapay (in Bisaya)
Y
Yolk – the round yellow mass upon which the genetic material of the female (and male if the egg is fertilized) is located and provides nutrients for the developing embryo. Dilaw ng itlog.
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